Imikorobe duhura tukivuka ishobora kutubera inkinzo

Guhura n'imigera ya mbere mu buzima – mu masaha ya mbere tukivuka – bishobora kudufasha kwirinda ingwara, nk'uko abahinga bo mu Bwongereza babivuga.

Barerekanye ko, ubwa mbere mu buzima, utunyabuzima tubana mu mubiri dushobora kugabanya ivyago vyo kwandura ingwara kugera ku ca kabiri, ku bana bakiri bato bakaja mu bitaro, babitewe no kwandura imigera.

Abashakashatsi bavuga ko ivyo babonye ari 'agatangaza' kandi bishobora gutuma haboneka umuti wo gufasha abana bakiri bato kugwiza utunyabuzima mu mubiri tubakingira ingwara.

Imigera duhura mu masaha ya mbere y'ubuzima bwacu tukivuka, bivugwa ko ari kirumara ku buryo duheza tukaronka ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ingwara.

Tuva mu nda y'abavyeyi tutagira umugera n'umwe, ariko ivyo bimara akanya gato. Ingingo zose z'umubiri wacu zihinduka uruhongore rw'imigera itandukanye, urwo ruvange rw'utunyabuzima turimwo n'imigera (virusi) n'utundi two mu bwoko bwa bacteria n'ifira, vyaba mu mubiri canke inyuma ku mubiri, vyubaka ico bita 'bicrobiome'.

Abahinga muri kaminuza ya UCL -University College London hamwe n'igisata ca Sanger Institute, vyakoze itohoza ku ntambwe umubiri wacu ucako mu kwizizigwa n'utunyabuzima turimwo imigera, ifira n'ibindi.

Bafashe amashanzi y'abana b'inzoya (uduhinja) bagera ku 1,082 mu ndwi ya mbere yabo y'amavuko.

Uwo mugwi wakoze ubushakashatsi ku duce ntangakamere twa AND/ DNA bakuye muri ayo mazirantoke, kugira ngo barabe ubwoko bw'utunyabuzima turimwo n'uko tuboneka muri buri mwana.

Mu nyuma bitegereje uko abo bana babayeho, bakoresheje inyandiko z'uko bagiye baraja kwa muganga, mu myaka ibiri yakurikiye.

Kamwe mu tunyabuzima tuza ubwa mbere ku mubiri w'umuntu, 'Bifidobacterium longum', ni ko gafasha cane gukingira abana.

Ibice 4% gusa vy'abana bafise ubu bwoko bw'akanyabuzima ni bo barara mu bitaro, iyo bafise uburwayi bwandurira mu mahaha mu gihe batararenza imyaka ibiri.

Abana bafise imigera y'ubundi bwoko bahura bakivuka, usanga ivyago vyo kuguma mu bitaro iyo barwaye vyikuvye incuro zitatu ugereranije n'abo ba mbere.

Bubaye ubwa mbere habonetse ibimenyetso bigaragaza inkurikizi ku bwandu zizanwa n'ubudahangarwa bwiyubaka kubera utunyabuzima turimwo za 'microbes' zirundana ku muntu akivuka canke 'microbiome'.

Porofeseri Nigel Field wo muri kaminuza ya UCL agira ati:"Nibaza ko ari igitangaza. Biratangaje kubona dushobora kwerekana ibi. Ndanezerewe cane". Ni ko yabwiye BBC.

Utu tunyabuzima tubigenza gute?

Ikintu gituma kenshi abana barwara bakaja mu bitaro n'umugera w'ingwara ifatira mu buhumekero (respiratory syncytial virus -RSV), ariko none n'iki gihuza iyi ngwara n'umugera wa 'B. longum'?

Aha rero ni ho "ikibazo nyamukuru gihagaze", ni ko porofeseri Field abivuga.

Agira ati: "Turazi neza ko B.Longum itangurira ku maberebere, aba arimwo ingaburo y'umwana igafasha kurwiza n'utunyabuzima tugirira neza umubiri, utwo bita 'good bacteria'.

Uko dukora ntikuramenyakana neza, ariko twaba utwo tunyabuzima canke imyanya dusiga aho tuba twaciye mu kurya bimwe mu bifungurwa, birafise ico bihuriyeko n'ubudahangarwa.

Porofeseri Field agira ati: "Ibintu uko bigenda mw'ido n'ido ntibiramenyekana neza, ku buryo ubwo budahangarwa bwiyubaka bivanye n'utunyabuzima ubwatwo, canke ikibanza dusiga ahavuye ivyo tugenda turya ku vyo umwana aba yafunguye, hamwe rero n'ukuntu ibi biheza bigafasha ubudahangwarwa kwiyubaka no kumenya gutandukanya utundi tunyabuzima, ko tuje nk'igitero c'umwansi (ingwara) canke tuje nk'abagenzi (good bacteria)."

Utunyabuzima dutanga ubudahangarwa tuboneka mu bana baba bavutse mu buryo busanzwe aho kuboneka mu bavutse ba nyina babanje kubarwa (caesarean).

Ariko no ku bavyeyi bavyaye bisanzwe, utwo tunyabuzima dukingira ingwara ntituboneka ku bana bose bavutse muri ubwo buryo bwo guca mu gisabo.

Abashakashatsi bavuga y'uko ivyo babonye bidasobanura neza ibigirwa n'abavyeyi bamwe bamwe basiga umubiri w'abana babo ibiturutse mu gitsina cabo, ivyo bita 'vaginal seeding' (bashaka kubaha kuri ubwo budahangarwa) mugihe baba bibarutse babanje kubarwa (abana bataciye mu gisabo ngo bahure n'imikorobe).

Utunyabuzima twiza, n'ukuvuga dufasha kwubaka ubudahangarwa, bigaragara ko duturuka mw'isohokero ry'insogi (inda y'ifungurwa, aho kuba mu nda yo kwibaruka).

Porofeseri agira ati: "Ndizera neza ko gusiga umwana ibuturutse mu gisabo c'umuvyeyi wiwe atari ibintu vyiza"

Ariko intumbero nyamukuru n'ukurondera ukuntu ubuvuzi bwokoresha utwo tunyabuzima - nko guha amata arimwo utwo tunyabuzima dufasha (probiotic) kugira ngo umubiri wabo ukure ufise ubushobozi bwo kwigwanira, uronke ubudahangarwa.

Porofeseri Louise Kenny, wo muri kaminunza ya Liverpool akaba na bitumwako ku bijanye n'ubuhinga bwo kuvura abavyeyi no kubafasha kwibaruka (gyneco-obstetricien) avuga ko kuvyaza kuri cesarienne [umuntu arinze kubagwa] ari uburyo bwiza bwo kwibaruka ku mugore, kandi ko bishobora gukingira umuvyeyi n'umwana."

Yongerako ko, n'ubwo ukwo kuronka ubudahangarwa vyoboneka ku bana baciye mu nzira isanzwe mu kuvuka, atari bose baca baburonka, ko rero hagikenewe vyinshi vyo gukora mu bushakashatsi kugira ngo abahinga bashobore gutahura ubu buryo karemano bwo kwiyubakira ubudahangarwa, umwana wese aronka akivuka.